Feeding device for furnaces



Aug. 7, 1928.

A. PASTRNAK FEEDING DEVICE FOR FURNACES 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Aug. 7,1?28.

A. PASTRNAK FEEDING DEVICE FOR FURNACES Filed Oct. 23, 1924 Aug. 7,1928. Q 1,679,874

A. PASTRNAK FEEDING DEVICE FOR FURNACES Filed Oct. 25. 1924 4Sheets-Sheet 3 H9 5. Iiq. 6'..

44 4 4, fzfib Aug. 7, 1928. 1,679,874

A.PASTRNAK FEEDING DEVICE FOR FURNACES Filed Oct. 23. 1924 4Sheets-Sheet 4 yg qg 9 2 11 lll d ll

fill

Patented Aug. 7, 1928.

TED STATES .AN'TON PASTRIEAK, 01f VELKlll EUNUI'KEE, GQEGHOHLGVAKIA.

application nlert butcher at, rear, tterial No.

The invention relates to an improvement in feeding devices for furnacesand is particularly designed as an improvement over my former Patent No.1 557322, dated Uctoher so, teas.

The essential feature of the invention consists in that the fuel,instead of being discharged adjacent the front wall of the furnace orboiler as has been the case, is discharged into the proximity of thefire bridge, and pushed and spread towards the front wall of the boilerby means of spreaders. Afurther im rovement consists in the specialdesign of t e bucket wherein the fuel is conve ed to the grate, as wellas in the fitting o" an agitator for loosening any clinkers that may bepresent.

The stroke of the spreaders is adjustable in order to be able to varythe height of the fuel layer. The scraped-off clinlrer and the ash dropinto a common clinker pit the bottom of which is fitted with a hingedgrate, whereby the fuel residue that may be still unburned continues toburn, thus aiding the combustion within the furnace proper. fly aspecial driving mechanism the number of fuel discharges within a giventime can be varied.

Tn the drawings- Fig. l is a fragmentary vertical longitudinal sectionthrough the furnace showing the feeding mechanism in connectiontherewith; I

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary top plan, partly in section;

Fig. 3 is a front view of the driving mechanism with the casing shown insection;

Fig. l is a view of a detail;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a detail shown in Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a transverse sect-ion on the line ti-ti of Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is a transverse section on the line 7-l' of Fig. l;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary longitudinal section through the partyof the feed ing mechanism located at the outer end of the furnace; and

Fig. 9 is a top plan view of the mechanism shown in ig. 8, parts beingbroken away and shown in section.

the fuel and for loosening the rat-rare, and in Germany November til,reaa hit igkrIk-ate members 2, the front fire plate 3 ande 'fire bridge27.

To the free hack end of the frame 8 within which are mounted thespreaders, ll there 1s fitted a tilting bucket or receptacle mountedwithin the frame by means of pins 29. The rods l2 actuating thespreaders ll and running along both sides of the 'rame engage'the bucketin the manner of a crank and swing it over simultaneously with thespreaders ll. An additional spreader 30 is connected to the bucket Pittand'ertends toward the the bridge Q7 where 1t rests upon the fire plate3, when the frame 8 is in the position shown in Figures 1 and 2, so asto completely scrape the fuel off of said plate.

Above the bucket t8 there is furthermore fitted to the frame 8 atrellis-lilre cross wall 32 supported by brackets 31, which prevents thefuel from fire bridge. Moreover the bucket 28, at the end remote fromthe fire bridge, is fitted with rollers 33. Underneath the bucket anagitator 35 is mounted withinthe frame by means of braclrets 3t, andserves for stirring clinlrer. The shaft of the agitator 35 projectsbeyond the frame on both sides and is provided with supporting rollers86 which serve for the guidance of the entire frame 8.

'l 7ithin the front spreader ll a guide roller 3'? is mounted whichrests on the front tire plate 3 when the frame is in its forwardposition. When the frame 8 is withdrawn from the furnace the roller 3i?rolls on a traclr 38 having a series of inclines 92 and 94 and anintermediate elevation 93 which efiect the simultaneous rais lid beingthrown out beyond the ing, at intervals, of all the spreaders ll,

in the direction of the arrow 1 (Figure 1), together with the bucket 28,said spreaders and bucket being connected by means of the rods 12.

The elevation 93 is adjustable in heightv roe [manner to be fullydescribed later. Likewisesupporting rollers 26 are fitted to the frontpart of the frame 8, which rest on the fixed rails and allow areciprocating movement of the frame over the rails.

Furthermore the front end of the frame 8 is, b means of a clampingdevice, attached to a c ain 46 running over two fixed chain wheels 47.On the shaft of the chain wheel 47 remote from the furnace there ismounted a worm wheel 48 meshing with a worm 49. On to the front end ofthe worm shaft there is keyed a bevel gear 50 arranged. midway betweentwo other bevel gears 51 and 52. These latter gears are loosely, thatis, freely rotatableon the driving shaft proper 53 and are fitted withopposing clutch members 54 and 55.

Between the gears 51 and 52 a clutch collar 56 is mounted by means of aspline and move, and turns with the shaft and is at t e same timelongitudinally slidable thereon. A ulle 57 is mounted on one end of thedriving s aft 53 and driven from a suitable source of power (not shown)for operating the entire mechanism.

The collar 56 is fitted midway with an annular groove which is engagedby a pin 58. This pin is fixed to an arm 59 pivoted to the shaft 60. Onthis shaft there is also mounted a double-armed lever 61, the pin 58engaging, with its other end, a longitudinal slot of the lever 61. Atits upper end this lever is fitted with a slide shoe 63 within which isarranged a counterweight 64 capable-of a reciprocatin movement.

The lower arm 0 the lever 61 engages a fork 65 operated b a rod 66 torock the lever 61 in either irection about its pivot whereby the pin 58actuates the collar 56 to enga e either of the clutch members 54 or withthe gear 51 or with the gear 52, so that the gear 50 is driven in thedesired direction. This movement is directly transmitted to the worm 49actuating the worm wheel 48. The chain wheel 47 will then turn either inone or in the other direction according to whether the gear 51 or thegear 52 has been engaged, and according to whether the frame 8 connectedwith the chain 46 is to be introduced into, or to be withdrawn from thefurnace.

When the frame 8 abuts against the projection 67 on the rod 66 thelatter is carried along some distance with the forward or outwardmovement of the frame, thereby disengaging the gears so that the frameremains withdrawn from the furnace. The connection of the chain drivefor the introduction of the frame into the furnace is effected by anautomatic device of special desi T is regulating device consists of aratchet wheel 69 which is engaged by a pawl 70 connected, on one side,with a radial arm 71 and on the other side with a rod 72. Apart from itsnormal teeth the ratchet wheel possesses two larger teeth 96 and 97.

The rod 72 is eccentrically pivoted to a disc 73 receiving its movementfrom a worm 74 and worm wheel 75 mounted on the driving shaft 53. j Bythe reciprocating movement of the rod 72 the pawl 70 is made to rotatethe ratchet wheel 69. Fixed to the ratchet wheel there is a disc 76 witha flat edge portion. 'Against the disc 76 constantly abuts the upper armof the lever 61. As long as the round part of the disc 76 engages thelever 61 the clutch device including the members 54 and 55 remainsinactive, so that during thisperiod the feeding device remainsstationary outside the furnace. As soon however as with the rotation ofthe disc 76 the flattened part ofthis disc comes into contact with thelever, the counter-weight 64 comes into action. The lever 61 isthereupon swung over which results in a shifting of the collar 56towards the gear 51-, so that the latter iscoupled up to the main shaftand actuates the gear 50 together with the entire feeding device.

This movement continues until the frame 8 hits the projection 68 of therod 66, whereupon the fork swings the lever 61 in such a manner that thecollar 56 is disengaged from the gear 51 and engages the gear 52, sothat an immediate return movement of the frame ensues.

Every time the collar 56 engages the gear 51 to rotate it, the frame 8is pushed into the furnace, and fresh fuel fed to the grate, the bucket28 into which the fuel is poured through the charge-box 19 tilting atthe limit of its movement, as heretofore described, and dischar ing thefuel close to the fire bridge 27. ll of the spreaders 11 as well as thebucket 28 remain in the upper horizontal positionuntil the lower hookedextremities of the arms 41, which extremities are at this time engagedwith the cross bar 42, are disengaged from said bar by contact of theextensions 43 of said arms with the stationary rollers 44. This contactcauses a lifting of the arms 41 to the position shown in Figs. 1 to 8,thereby releasing said bar 42, whereupon all the spreaders 11 as well asthe bucket 28 simultaneously tilt downward owing to their own weight.

After this tiltin the frame 8 abuts against the projections o the rod 66so that with the aid of the fork 65 the movement is reversed, and theframe withdrawn from the furnace. On this withdrawal the-spreader 30 ofthe bucket 28 will carry along the whole of the fuel charge from thefire plate 3 over a certain distance, thereby completely emptying theplate 3 in readiness for the next charge. The spreaders 11 rest on thelli lllll omere- %rate 9, cleaning and scraping it during this aclrmovement and freeing it from any have baked on. When the ro er 87 hascarried the last out the spreaders ll over the first part 92 oil th'etraclr 38, all of the spreaders 11 as well as the buclret 98 willpartially and simultaneously swing upward, and be lifted trom the grate.i i The spreaders it remain in this raised position throu hout the wholeperiod during which the rol er 8? peritorms its outward movement overthe horizontal part 93 ot the clinlrer that may l traclr, and spread andflatten thetuel lying on the grate. As the part 98 can be adjusted tovarying heights by means of a spindle and. hand wheel 39, the height ofthe fuel layer can thereby be. regulated.

, Un continuin its movement the roller 3'? reaches the inc ine 9twhereby all oi? the spreaders ll are swung into their uppermost positionwhere they are out of contact with the luel, remaining in this positionduring the liurther withdrawal of the frame.

When the spreadersll. are thus actuated rods 12 are shifted and thehoolred ends ot lll til till

the arms all. will again engage the cross bar 4th oil the rods l9 and hathem in this positime together with the spreader-s ill and the buclret28. x Y

As soon as the buclret 28 with its roller has reached the hinged bottomof the chargingbon l9, it moves this bottom about its pivot and isthereby tilled with fresh ltuel. The trams 8 remains in this positionoutside ol the furnace tor a prolonged period and is thus allowedsutlicient time to cool down, and as it remains within the furnace overa comparatively short period it escapes damage from the heat owing tothe protracted cooling. I

Although on its withdrawal from the turnace the ltrame 8 has abuttedagainst the outer projection 87 ot the rod 88, and disengaged the lever811 by means of the lorlr 85, no coupling-up can be elilected for theurpose ct reintroducing the lrame into the lturnace, inasmuch as theround part of the disc 78 is in contact with the lever 81. Thiscoupling-up, as already mentioned belore, is not possible unless theflattened part of the disc 78 is in contact with the lever 61,permitting a shitting oil this lever towards the gear til.

in order to be able to regulate the travel ol the frame 8 into thefurnace, and'to let the trams perltorm this travel in certain in tervalsof time only, a segment 77 is fitted to the shalt oil the ratchet wheel69, which may be adjusted into various positions by hand by' means ofthe arm 78, and fixed in any of these positions by a pin. The upper edgeoil the segment 'll' projects beyond'the normal teeth oil the ratchetwheel so that the pawl 'l'tl glides on the circumference of the segment.The larger teeth 96and 97 project beyond the edge of the segment. I

The pawl 'ZO'engages the edge of the segment 77, and has a regularengagement with the ratchet wheel 69 which engagement is periodicallyshortened'as follows. The pawl 70, on hitting the edge oi the segment77, is disengaged from the ratchet with which it has meshed andcontinues to glide idly over the circumference of said segment 77..Accordingly, the ratchet wheel 89 has performed a smallerrotation thanwould correspond tothe travel of the pawl 70 and ponsequently therotation of the ratchet wheel and of the cam disc 78 is slowed down sothat the frame 8 remains outside the fur nace at a standstill for anappreciable period. Only when the pawl 70 engages one oi the largerteeth 96, 97 will the ratchet wheel 69 perform a correspondingly greaterrotation without interruption. Now the teeth 98 and 97 are arranged atsuch a point oi the wheel that whenever the pawl 'Z 0 engages the tooth98 the cam disc 76 is swung with its flattened part toward the lever 61,whereas when engaging the other tooth 97 the fiattened part of the disc76 is moved away from the lever 81. The teeth 96, 97' serve to adjustprecisely the flattened part of the disc 76 in relation to the levertil, while the tooth 97 effects a quiclr and sudden change oi? the lever81 from its coupling position.

Consequently by adjusting the segment l? the duration of theinterruption of the reciprocating movement of the trams 8 may beregulated according to circumstances, whereby it is also possible toregulate the fuel charges on the grate.

The worm wheel driven by the worm 74: on the driving shaft 53 isconnected with the chain wheel 79. by means of the chain 80, drives agear 81. By this gear a shaft 83 running in bearings 82 underneath theframe guide is rotated. The shaft 83 is connected with a conveyor wormsa running underneath the grate 2 and serving toremove the dropping ashfrom the ash pit.

As shown in Figs. 6 and 8 the lower part of the fire tube forming theash pit and through which the worm 84 extends can be reduced in size inorder to allow a thorough removal of the ash by the worm. The outer endot the worm 84 extends into a box 85 having lateral openings 86.

The ash, after being pressed into this box, drops through the lateralopenings into the ash and clinker pit 87 the bottom of which is fittedwith a grate 88. The pit is in direct communication with the front partoi the furnace, and the clinkers scraped oil by the last of thesprea-ders 11 also drop into the pit 87 through the channel 89. Assuific-ient air enters the pit through the grate, the ash and clinltersthat are still unburned can continue to burn in the pit, and the litltld

lid

combustion gases developed will, through the channel 89, reach thefurnace proper.

The entrance of air into the furnace, 1s solely from underneath thegrate through the channel .95.

The complete feeding device 1s, on its withdrawal from the furnace,enclosed m a casing 90 having hinged flaps or inspection holes forchecking the worklng of the device. Likewise the entire drivingmechanism is enclosed in a casing 91.

This feeding device, being completely enclosed, prevents the admissionof cold air into the furnace and thereby largely enhances itsefliciency. Moreover this furnace requires no operator, since all thenecessary work such as the feeding of the fuel, its stoking andspreading evenly to a given hei ht, as well as the removal of ash andcliriliers, is effected automatically.

The drawings show the feeding device in operation with a fire tubeboiler with normal air feed, but of course it can be used with any kindof boilers and also, with low draft furnaces, in which case an air pipeleading into the ash pit must be provided.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desireto secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a fuel feeding mechanism for furnaces and the like, thecombination with a stationary grate and a fire bridge at the in-' nerend thereof; of fuel depositing means movable inwardly toward said firebridge and operable at the end of its inward movement to deposit fuelupon the grate in proximity to said fire bridge, and means movable in anopposite direction toward the front of the grate and engageable with thefuel deposit adjacent said bridge for evenly distributing said fuel oversaid grate, and means for actuating said fuel depositing and fueldistributing means.

2. In a fuel feeding mechanism for furnaces and the like, thecombination with a stationary grate and a fire bridge at the inner endthereof; of fuel depositing means movable in one direction relative tosaid grate and operable at the termination of said movement to depositfuel upon the grate in proximity to said fire bridge, a plurality ofspreaders movable in an opposite direction relative to said grate forevenly distributing the deposited fuelthereover, means connecting saidspreaders and the fuel depositing means to cause the latter to depositfuel upon the grate when said fuel depositing means has reached itsosition in proximity to said fire bridge, an means for actuating thefuel depositlng and fuel spreading means.

3. In a fuel feeding mechanism for furnaces and the like, thecombination with agrate and a fire bridge at the inner end thereof; of abucket movable to dumping position for depositing fuel upon the grate 1nproximity to said fire bridge, a frame carrying said bucket and movableinto and out of said furnace, a plurality of spreaders also carried bysaid frame and movable to spreading position to evenly distribute thefuel over said grate when said frame is being moved out of the furnace,means for actuating said bucket and spreaders, and means forreciprocatin said frame.

4. In a fuel ceding mechanism for furnaces and the like, the combinationwith a grate and a fire bridge at the inner end thereof; of a tiltablebucket for depositing fuel on the grate in proximity to said firebridge, a frame carrying said bucket and movable into and out of saidfurnace, a plurality of spreaders also carried by said frame and movableto spreading position to evenly distribute the fuel over said grate whensaid frame is moved out of said furnace, means connecting said spreadersand bucket to simultaneously tilt the latter to depositing position andmove the spreaders to their spreading position, means for actuating thelast named means, and means for reciprocating said frame.

5.- In a fuel feeding mechanism for furnaces and the like, thecombination with a grate and a fire bridge at the inner end thereof, ofa bucket movable to dumping position for depositing fuel upon the gratein proximity to said fire bridge, a spreader carried by said bucket, aframe carryin said bucket and movable into and out of said furnace, aplurality of other spreaders also carried by said frame and movable tospreading position to evenly distribute the fuel over said grate whensaid frame is moved out of said furnace, means connecting said otherspreaders and bucket to simultaneously move the latter to dumpingposition and the spreaders to their spreading position, means foractuating said connecting means, and means for reciprocating said frame.

6. In a fuel feeding mechanism for furnaces and the like, thecombination with a grate and a fire bridge at the inner end thereof; ofa tiltable bucket for depositing fuel upon the grate in proximity tosaid fire bridge, means to tilt said bucket, a frame carrying saidbucket and movable into and out of said furnace, a plurality ofspreaders also carried by said frame and movable therewith toward thefront of said grate for evenly distributing the fuel thereover, meansfor reciprocating said frame, and an agitator supported by said frameand engageablewith said fuel to agitate the same during the movement ofsaid frame.

7. In a fuel feeding mechanism for furnaces and the like, thecombination with a grate and a fire bridge at the inner end thereof; ofa tiltable bucket for depositing fuel upon the grate in proximity tosaid fire revetmbridge, a frame carrying said bucket and movable intoand out of said furnace, a plurality of spreaders also carried by saidrame and movable to spreading position to evenly distribute the fuelover said grate when said frame is being moved out of said furnace,means for tilting said bucket to de posit said fuel and for moving saidspreaders to spreading position, and means for elevating said bucket andspreaders relative to said grate as the frame approaches the end of itsoutward movement.

8. In a fuel feeding mechanism for furnaces and the like, thecombination with a grate and a fire bridge at the inner end thereof; ofa tiltable bucket for depositing fuel upon the grate in proximity tosaid fire bridge, a frame carrying said bucket and movable into and outof said furnace, means for moving said frame, a plurality of spreadersalso carried by said frame and movable to spreading position to evenlydistribute the fuel over said grate when said frame is being moved outof said furnace, means for tilting said bucket to deposit said fuel andfor moving said spreaders to spreading position, and means forintermittcntly elevating said spreaders to different heights above saidgrate as said frame ap' proaches the end of its outward movement.

9. In a fuel feeding mechanism for furnaces and the like, thecombination with a grate and a fire bridge at the inner end thereof; ofa tiltable bucket for depositing fuel upon the grate in proximity tosaid fire bridge, a frame carrying said bucket and movable into and outof said furnace, means for moving said frame, a plurality of spreadersalso carried b said frame and movable to spreading position to evenlydistribute the fuel over said grate when said frame is being moved outof said furnace, means for tilting said bucket to deposit said fuel andfor moving said spreaders to spreading position, means for elevatingsaid bucket and spreaders as the frame reaches the end of its outwardmovement, and means preventing tilting of said bucket to depositingposition until said frame has again reached the limit of its inwardmovement.

10. In a fuel feeding mechanism for furnaces and the like, thecombination with a grate and a fire bridge at the inner end thereof; ofa bucket for depositing fuel upon the grate in proximity to said firebridge, a frame carrying sald bucket and movable longitudinally into andout of said furnace, means for moving said frame, a plurality ofspreaders also carried by said frame and movable therewith, saidspreaders engaging the fuel during a portion of their outward movement,means for actuating the frame, means for tilting the bucket todepositing position and the spreaders to fuel engaging position as theframe reaches its inner position and for moving the spreaders toinoperative position and the bucket to fuel receiving position while theframe is moving outward, and means for automatically controlling thereversals of the movements of the frame.

11. In a fuel feeding mechanism for furnaces and the like, thecombination with a grate and a fire bridge at the inner end thereof; ofa bucket for depositing fuel upon the grate in proximity to said firebridge, a frame carrying said bucket and movable longitudinally into andout of said furnace, a plurality of spreaders also carried by said frameand movable therewith, said spreaders engaging the fuel during a portionof their outward movement, means for actuating the frame, means fortilting the bucket to depositing position and the spreaders to fuelengaging position as the frame reaches its inner position and for movingthe spreaders to inoperative position and the bucket to fuel receivingposition While the frame is moving outward, means for automaticallycontrolling the reversals of the movements of the frame, and mechanismfor controlling the last named means to Vary the times during which saidframe is in and out of the furnace.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

ANTON PASTRNAK.

